Mimir:Draft4 Appendix

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=Appendix for code examples=

=Chapter 2 Code examples=
 * 1

;---                    ; zstr_count: ; Counts a zero-terminated ASCII string to determine its size ; in:  eax = start address of the zero terminated string ; out: ecx = count = the length of the string zstr_count:                  ; Entry point 00000030 B9FFFFFFFF     mov  ecx, -1              ; Init the loop counter, pre-decrement ; to compensate for the increment .loop: 00000035 41             inc  ecx                  ; Add 1 to the loop counter 00000036 803C0800       cmp  byte [eax + ecx], 0  ; Compare the value at the string's                                                   ;  [starting memory address Plus the ; loop offset], to zero 0000003A 75F9           jne  .loop                ; If the memory value is not zero, ; then jump to the label called '.loop', ; otherwise continue to the next line .done: ; We don't do a final increment, ; because even though the count is base 1, ; we do not include the zero terminator in the ; string's length 0000003C C3             ret                       ; Return to the calling program


 * 2

(Phase 1) The Front End (Step 1) Lexical Analysis: This is where the high-level language text is read in and divided into tokens, each of which corresponds to a symbol in the   programming language, for instance a keyword, identifier, or symbol name. (Step 2) Syntax Analysis or Parsing: Please refer to the Parsing section as it goes into greater detail. (Step 3) Type-Checking: This step analyses the syntax tree of the language to check if the program violates certain consistency requirements. For example if a variable is used but not declared or if it is used but in a context that does not make sense for the given type of the variable, such that if you attempted to use a boolean value as a function pointer. (Phase 2) The Middle End (Step 4) Intermediate Code Generation: The program then takes what the front end has built from this point and generates a simple machine independent intermediate language. (Phase 3) The Back End (Step 5) Register Allocation: The back end starts by taking the intermediate language that the middle end created and allocates the symbolic variable names to numbers each of which corresponds to a register in the machines architecture code. (Step 6) Machine Code Generation: This is where the intermediate language created in the middle end gets translated into assembly language for the specified machine architecture. (Step 7) Assembly and Linking: The assembly-language code is translated into binary representation and addresses of variables, function, etc., are determined.